5)+The+Nation+Expands+and+Changes+(1790-1860)

== The Industrial Revolution brought great changes to the way in which people lived and worked. Inventions that mechanized the textile industry made factory work the most efficient way to spin thread and weave cloth. In the United States, most textile factories opened in the North, while the South's economy relied on agriculture. The invention of the cotton gin increased the South's dependence on the labor of enslaved African Americans. At the same time, settlers were moving west. Debates raged in Congress over the spread of slavery to the western territories. These debates heightened tensions between the North and the South.  By the mid-1800s, people were seeking reform in many areas of American life, including education, ending slavery, female and suffrage. Abolitionists sought to end slavery in the United States. Other reformers worked toward winning political and economic rights for women. At the same time, American artists, writers, and musicians developed a distinct style that set them apart from the European style. By the mid-1800s, many Americans wanted the nation to extend westward to the Pacific Ocean. To journey westward, traders and settlers had to travel along difficult and dangerous trails. While the Mormons migrated to Utah, other settlers flocked to California in search of gold. Farther south, the Texas War for Independence led to conflict and war between the United States and Mexico.

Essential Question: Why did Americans take different paths in the early 1800s?


=The Industrial Revolution/The North Transformed=

Students will be be able to:

 * === Analyze how technology has influenced productivity. (cotton gin, steam power, interchangeable parts, telegraph) ===
 * === Weigh the impact of the America's Industrial Revolution, industrialization and urbanization on the environment. ===
 * === Identify and analyze the specific factors that promoted growth and economic expansion in the United States. (Northern Industrialization) ===
 * === Analyze and draw conclusions about the impact of immigration on the United States at different stages in its history. (Irish, German) ===
 * === Analyze the connections between and among local, state and national historical events. (manufacturing, immigration) ===

__Focus Questions__:

 * ====How did the new technology of the Industrial Revolution change the way Americans lived?====
 * ====How did urbanization, technology, and social change affect the North?====

__Objectives__:
 * Explain the changes that the Industrial Revolution brought to American life.
 * Discuss the importance of Samuel Slater's cotton mill.
 * Describe the growth of industry in the United States after 1812.
 * Identify important developments in factories and the problems that factory life produced.
 * Explain why cities grew in the 1800s.
 * List the new inventions and advances in transportation during the early 1800s.
 * Discuss the wave of immigration to the united States in the 1840s and 1850s.
 * Describe the problems African Americans faced in the North.
 * Examine the early history and contributions to industry that made by the towns of Prospect and Beacon Falls.

__Procedure__:

__Day 1__

1. Introduction:
 * Anticipation Guide on the Industrial Revolution[[image:industrial-revolution.jpg align="right" caption="From the evidence in this picture, how might the presence of a factory affect the surrounding communities?"]]

2. Instruction:

a. Students will watch Discovery [|Video:Living During The Industrial Revolution] b. Students will read pages 382-387 in text and:
 * Define Key People and Terms (Industrial Revolution, factory system, capitalist, Francis Cabot Lowell, mass production, interchangeable parts)
 * Answer Checkpoint Questions:
 * How did the Industrial Revolution change the way work was performed?
 * Why did Samuel Slater have to build his machine from memory?
 * How was the Lowell factory system different from the European factory system?
 * How did Eli Whitney's system of interchangeable parts speed up the manufacturing process?
 * Answer Check Your Progress questions on p. 387 # 1 and 2
 * (a) How did the War of 1812 affect U.S. industry? (b) Why did advances in industry occur mainly in the North?
 * 2. (a) What are interchangeable parts? (b) How did the system of interchangeable parts affect employment in the United States?

__Day 2__

1. Review
 * Correct homework[[image:lowell.gif width="390" height="275" align="right" caption="What are some of the disadvantages for children who worked in early Amerian factories?"]]
 * Show pictures of[| Slater's Mill-First textile mill in the U.S. (1793)]
 * Show pictures of the [|Lowell Mills in Lowell, MA]

2. Instruction
 * Read and respond to primary source, "A Factory Report in 1846"
 * Read __Mill Workers__ by Lucy Larcom on her experiences working in the Lowell textile Mills in the 1800s.
 * Blog Assignment: Imagine you are a worker in a Lowell Cotton Mill. Write a letter home to your parents in which you describe what it is like to work in the Lowell mill. Would you want to go back home or stay? Explain.

__Day 3__

1. Read and discuss history of Prospect & Beacon Falls.



3. Watch and respond to LRMS student made documentaries on Industry in Prospect & Beacon Falls

==[|Weaving the Cultural Fabric of Beacon Falls] ==

media type="youtube" key="KTeoZwr2NPw" height="342" width="460" align="right" media type="youtube" key="EQW_B4kAYt8" height="346" width="462"

__Day 4__

1. Introduction
 * K-W-L Chart

2. Instruction

a. Students will watch [|Discovery Video: A Transportation Revolution] and [|Discovery Video: Immigration to America] b. Students will read pages 390-395 in text and:
 * Define Key Terms and People (urbanization, telegraph, Samuel F.B. Morse, famine, nativist, discrimination)
 * Complete Checkpoint questions:
 * What problems did cities face in the early 1800s?
 * What new inventions helped northern industry to grow?
 * Why were railroads a better means of transportation than steamboats?
 * Why did the Irish and German immigration to the United States increase in the 1840s?
 * What obstacles did African Americans face in the North?
 * Complete Check Your Progress questions, # 1 and # 2 (a) What factors led to the growth of cities? (b) How did rapid growth of cities affect the urban living conditions?
 * (a) How did the telegraph improve communication? (b) How might improved communication help the growing economy?



[|Transportation History in Connecticut]

media type="custom" key="18514100" align="left"





__Day 5 and 6__

1. Correct homework

2. Study for quiz.

3. Take quiz on THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION/THE NORTH TRANSFORMED

__Focus Questions:__

 * How did cotton affect the social and economic life of the South?
 * How did Americans move west, and how did they intensify the debate over slavery?

1. Introduction:

Reading Readiness Guide

2. Instruction:

a. Students will watch [|Discovery Video: Plantation South] b. Students will read pages 396-400 in text and:
 * Define Key Terms and People
 * Complete Checkpoint questions
 * Complete Reading a Chart on p. 397 and Infographic on pages 398-99
 * Complete Check Your Progress on p. 400, # 1 and 2

__Day 6__

1. Introduction

Correct homework

2. Instruction: a. Students will watch Discovery Video:[|Improved Transportation], [|Building the Erie Canal] and [|The Missouri Compromise] b. Students will read pages 401-405 in text and:
 * Define Key People and Terms
 * Complete Checkpoint Questions
 * Complete Map Master Activity on page 402 and Reading a Chart Activity on page 404.
 * Complete Check Your progress on p. 405 # 1 and 2.

__Day 7 and 8__

1. Introduction:

Correct homework

2. Open notes Quiz on The Plantation South/The Challenges of Growth

3. Review: Complete pages 408-409, # 5-11

__Day 9__

Review

__Day 10__

Test on THE NORTH AND SOUTH TAKE DIFFERENT PATHS

=The Age of Reform=

Students will be be able to:

 * === Examine how geography influenced the economic and political development of the United States. ===
 * === Weigh the impact of the America's Industrial Revolution, industrialization and urbanization on the environment. ===
 * === Analyze how technology has influenced productivity. (cotton gin, steam power, interchangeable parts, telegraph) ===
 * === Analyze the relationship between supply and demand and the prices of goods and services in a market economy. ===
 * === Identify and analyze the specific factors that promoted growth and economic expansion in the United States. (Northern Industrialization) ===
 * === Analyze the contributions and challenges of different cultural/ethnic groups in the United States over time. (Life under Slavery in the South) ===
 * === Outline how trade affected nationalism and sectionalism in U.S. history (roads, canals, railroads, "cotton culture") ===
 * === Analyze and draw conclusions about the impact of immigration on the United States at different stages in its history. (Irish, German) ===
 * === Analyze the connections between and among local, state and national historical events. (manufacturing, immigration) ===

Standard 3: Civic Competence
Social Reform Education Reform Anti-Slavery Movement Women's Rights Movement American Literature and Arts

=Westward Expansion=

Students will be be able to:

 * === Examine how geography influenced the economic and political development of the United States. ===
 * === Weigh the impact of the America's Industrial Revolution, industrialization and urbanization on the environment. ===
 * === Analyze how technology has influenced productivity. (cotton gin, steam power, interchangeable parts, telegraph) ===
 * === Analyze the relationship between supply and demand and the prices of goods and services in a market economy. ===
 * === Identify and analyze the specific factors that promoted growth and economic expansion in the United States. (Northern Industrialization) ===
 * === Analyze the contributions and challenges of different cultural/ethnic groups in the United States over time. (Life under Slavery in the South) ===
 * === Outline how trade affected nationalism and sectionalism in U.S. history (roads, canals, railroads, "cotton culture") ===
 * === Analyze and draw conclusions about the impact of immigration on the United States at different stages in its history. (Irish, German) ===
 * === Analyze the connections between and among local, state and national historical events. (manufacturing, immigration) ===

Standard 3: Civic Competence
Manifest Destiny Trails to the West Conflict with Mexico A Rush to the West